获取视频文件的封面图片

2022-11-16 17:40:32 字数:7856 682次 Spring

基于SpringBoot实现上传视频并获取视频文件的第一帧作为视频文件的封面图片
##### 引入依赖
```
      <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>javacv</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco</groupId>
            <artifactId>javacpp</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco.javacpp-presets</groupId>
            <artifactId>opencv-platform</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1-1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bytedeco.javacpp-presets</groupId>
            <artifactId>ffmpeg-platform</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2-1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        
```
##### 文件对象
```
@Getter
@Setter
public class FileResult {
    private String id;
    private String oldFileName; //原文件名
    private String filePath;//文件路径
    private String realFilePath; // 文件路径
    private String fileSize; //文件大小
    private String newFileName; //文件大小
    private String suffixName;//扩展名
    private String coverImage; // 封面图片
    private String insertDate; //
}
```

##### 文件上传类

```
// 文件上传保存路径
@Value("${uploadPath}")
private String uploadPath;
// 文件读取路径
@Value("${readPath}")
private String readPath;

/**
* 上传多个附件
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/uploadFiles")
public List<FileResult> uploadFiles(@RequestParam("attachments") MultipartFile[] attachments, 	HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
	List<FileResult> list = CommonHelper.uploadFiles( attachments, uploadPath, readPath );
	return list;
}
```

##### 文件上传
```
public static List<FileResult> uploadFiles(MultipartFile[] attachments, String uploadPath, String readPath) throws Exception {
	List<FileResult> list = new ArrayList<>();
	for (MultipartFile multipartFile : attachments) {
		// 获取原始名字
		String oldFileName = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
		// 获取后缀名
		String suffixName = oldFileName.substring(Objects.requireNonNull(oldFileName).lastIndexOf("."));
		// 文件重命名，防止重复
		String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
		String newFileName = fileName + suffixName;
		// 文件上传路径
		String realPath = new String(uploadPath.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1), StandardCharsets.UTF_8) + newFileName;
		String finalFilePath = uploadPath+fileName+".jpg";
		String readFilePath = readPath + newFileName;
		File dest = new File(realPath);
		// 判断路径是否存在，如果不存在则创建
		if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
			dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
		}
		// 保存到服务器中
		multipartFile.transferTo(dest);
		FileResult attachmentParams = new FileResult();
		// 获取文件大小
		String fileSize = changeFileSize(multipartFile.getSize(), "M");
		attachmentParams.setOldFileName(oldFileName); //原文件名
		attachmentParams.setFilePath(readFilePath);
		attachmentParams.setRealFilePath(realPath);
		attachmentParams.setFileSize(fileSize);//文件大小
		attachmentParams.setNewFileName(newFileName);
		attachmentParams.setSuffixName(suffixName);//扩展名
		if (isVideo(suffixName)) {
			String coverImageName = VideoHelper.fetchFirstPicFromVideo(readFilePath,finalFilePath);
			String coverImage = readPath+coverImageName;
			attachmentParams.setCoverImage(coverImage);
		} else {
			// 压缩图片
			ImageZipUtil.zipImageFile(dest, dest, 1.2f);
		}
		list.add(attachmentParams);
	}
	return list;
}

/**
* 转换上传文件大小
*
* @param len  文件长度
* @param unit 转换单位（B,K,M,G）
* @return
*/
public static String changeFileSize(Long len, String unit) {
	double fileSize = 0;
	if ("B".equals(unit.toUpperCase())) {
		fileSize = (double) len;
	} else if ("K".equals(unit.toUpperCase())) {
		fileSize = (double) len / 1024;
	} else if ("M".equals(unit.toUpperCase())) {
		fileSize = (double) len / 1048576;
	} else if ("G".equals(unit.toUpperCase())) {
		fileSize = (double) len / 1073741824;
	}
	DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#.00");
	return df.format(fileSize) + unit.toUpperCase();
}

//判断是否是视频
public static Boolean isVideo(String suffix) {
	String suffixName = suffix.toUpperCase();
	return suffixName.contains("MP4") || suffixName.contains("AVI") || suffixName.contains("WMV") || suffixName.contains("SWF");
}

```

##### 图片压缩类

`ImageZipUtil`

```
/**
* 根据设置的宽高等比例压缩图片文件<br> 先保存原文件，再压缩、上传
* @param oldFile 要进行压缩的文件
* @param newFile 新文件
* @param width 宽度 //设置宽度时（高度传入0，等比例缩放）
* @param height 高度 //设置高度时（宽度传入0，等比例缩放）
* @param quality 质量
* @return 返回压缩后的文件的全路径
*/
public static String zipImageFile(File oldFile,File newFile,float quality) {
	if (oldFile == null) {
		return null;
	}
	try {
		/** 对服务器上的临时文件进行处理 */
		Image srcFile = ImageIO.read(oldFile);
		int width = ((BufferedImage) srcFile).getWidth();
		int height = ((BufferedImage) srcFile).getHeight();
		String srcImgPath = newFile.getAbsoluteFile().toString();
		System.out.println(srcImgPath);
		String subfix = "jpg";
		subfix = srcImgPath.substring(srcImgPath.lastIndexOf(".")+1,srcImgPath.length());
		BufferedImage buffImg = null;
		if(subfix.equals("png")){
			buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
		}else{
			buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		}
		Graphics2D graphics = buffImg.createGraphics();
		graphics.setBackground(new Color(255,255,255));
		graphics.setColor(new Color(255,255,255));
		graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
		graphics.drawImage(srcFile.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0, 0, null);
		ImageIO.write(buffImg, subfix, new File(srcImgPath));
	} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return newFile.getAbsolutePath();
}
```

##### 获取视频封面方法
```
import org.bytedeco.javacv.FFmpegFrameGrabber;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Frame;
import org.bytedeco.javacv.Java2DFrameConverter;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @date 2022/10/19 10:31
 * @decrption
 */
public class VideoHelper {

/**
     * 将截取的帧生成文件
     * @param frame
     * @return
     */
    private static String getPicFromFrame(Frame frame, File targetFile) throws IOException {
        String imgFormat = "jpg";
        Java2DFrameConverter converter = new Java2DFrameConverter();
        BufferedImage srcBi = converter.getBufferedImage(frame);
        // 可以选择对截取的帧进行等比例缩放
        int owidth = srcBi.getWidth();
        int oheight = srcBi.getHeight();
        int width = srcBi.getWidth();
        int height = (int) (((double) width / owidth) * oheight);
        BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
        bi.getGraphics().drawImage(srcBi.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH), 0, 0, null);
        ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        // ImageIO工具类提供了将图片写成文件或者outputStream中
        ImageIO.write(bi, imgFormat, targetFile);
        return targetFile.getName();
    }

/**
     * 获取视频的首帧并保存为图片
     *
     * @param fileUrl  源视频文件Url路径
     * @return 返回截取的帧
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String fetchFirstPicFromVideo(String fileUrl,String readFilePath) throws Exception {
        FFmpegFrameGrabber ff = new FFmpegFrameGrabber(fileUrl);
        ff.start();
        Frame frame = ff.grabImage();
        File targetFile = new File(readFilePath);
        if(targetFile.exists()){
            targetFile.mkdirs();
        }
       return getPicFromFrame(frame,targetFile);
}
```

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